Ethical Issues of a Doctors Office - 1150 Words

McCall Ethics Case Study Jerry is Dr. Williams’s office assistant. He has received professional training as both a medical assistant and an LPN. He is handling all the phone calls while the receptionist is at lunch. A patient calls and says he must have a prescription refill for Valium and that the provider, a friend, calls in the medication prior to any flights. This type of request happens often and in slightly different scenarios, but the outcome should remain the same to avoid ethical and legal issues. This paper will review the case study to help resolve the problem at hand, refilling a prescription without provider authorization. Qualified Medical Training Understanding the definitions of a licensed practical nurse, LPN, and a medical assistant, MA is the first step to making a factual conclusion for this case study. Support staff to the provider cannot make decisions about medication refills for patients without a direct order from the provider. This action is outsi de the scope of practice for an LPN or MA. Licensed Practical Nurse An LPN is a role in support of the nurse or RN, a registered Nurse usually in a skilled nursing setting such as a hospital or long-term care facility. As defined by the National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses, NFLPN, an LPN â€Å"means the performance for compensation of authorized acts of nursing which utilize specialized knowledge and skills and which meet the health needs of people in a variety of settings under the directionShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Language And Behaviors On Health Care Administration1312 Words   |  6 PagesMorals has numerous definitions in any case, normally, morals are seen as an efficient method for looking at the ethical life to perceive good and bad; it likewise requires a choice or activity in view of good thinking. Moral clashes happen when a man, gathering or society is unverifiable about what to do when looked with contending moral decisions (Silva, 1990). Moral clas hes and issues happen inside or among societies and are typically encouraged by social/subcultural values in restriction (SilvaRead MoreAccording To Sullivan A Nurse Manager Is Responsible And1570 Words   |  7 Pageswith documentation standards. Ms. Gonzales is part of the American Nurse Association. The ANA advances the nursing profession by fostering high standards of nursing practice, promoting a safe and ethical work environment, bolstering the health and wellness of nurses, and advocating on health care issues that affect nurses and the public (ANA). She subscribes to the American Journal of Nursing. The American Journal of Nursing is the oldest and most honored broad-based nursing journal in the worldRead MoreImplementing A Systems Theory : A System Theory1096 Words   |  5 Pagesto all complex bodies, and the models which can be used to describe them. Von Bertalanffy (1971) was the creator of the â€Å"system† concept, he developed this idea as an answer to the limitations of individual disciplines in addressing complex social issues (Mitchell, 2005). The underlining principal of this theory is that an organization consists of multiple, interdependent parts that collectively form more than the sum of their parts. Developed from the systems theory, are three separate theories withRead MoreEssay on Dr. Martins Office930 Words   |  4 Pages------------------------------------------------- Dr. Martins Office Intro It began with the professor feeling distressed from an â€Å"illness† and decided to call his primary care physician, Dr. Martin. He spoke with Betty, a nurse who told him the doctor was booked all day. For this reason, he sought a referral to the HealthCheck clinic which was covered under the university insurance. Despite the professor’s sickness, he was not referred to the clinic. Afterwards, the professor called the Employee Benefits Office and his case was relayedRead MoreAmerican Medical Association Essay1183 Words   |  5 Pagesof medicine in the United States, they are the political voice that work with politicians on the state and legislative level to form policies and raise awareness on health issues that affect patients and doctors. AMA started the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) keep the doctors informed on different health issues and scientific advances, Dr. Nathan Smith was the first editor and president of the JAMA. Today the JAMA is t he largest circulating journal article. In 1906 the organizationRead MoreEthical Issue in Pharmacy1618 Words   |  7 PagesEthical issues in the retail pharmaceutical industry: An analysis of the ethical dilemmas faced within Chaguanas Drug Mart Limited Abstract: The ethical duty of a pharmacy is to promote a patient’s best interest. However, certain obvious ethical issues will arise. Within any business involved in bulk purchasing the issue of unconscious theft will also occur. The following paper focuses on the application of ethical theories that supports as well as argues the behavior within Chaguanas Drug MartRead MoreHealth Occupations: Registered Nursing877 Words   |  3 PagesRegistered Nursing When a person walks into a doctor’s office, a walk-in clinic, or a hospital they are most likely to see a registered nurse before any other person giving care. Registered nurses are everywhere. They work in just about any building that provides care to patients. Nurses truly helped make the medical field what it is. Without nurses the medical field would collapse. In order to fully understand the life and importance of a nurse, the road leading up to becoming a nurse must firstRead MoreWhat Is The Rule Of Confidentiality, And How Does It Differ From Respecting Someone s Privacy?1448 Words   |  6 Pages What is the rule of confidentiality, and how does it differ from respecting someone’s privacy? The question that appears is Lucy is 15-year-old and she at the doctor’s office and a pregnancy test is being performed on Lucy. Lucy mom is waiting on her. Lucy is pregnant. How I will deal with this problem. I will have to my sure I understand the rule of confidentiality, and how does it differ from respecting someone’s privacy. It is most helpful to examine this question from three perspectives:Read MoreBill Of Rights : Constitutional Protection Of Individual Liberties783 Words   |  4 Pageswhen I first came to the country and had to go for a physical examination and was suggested to make an appointment with the primary care doctor. This was a whole new experience for me since in the Philippines, you can practically walk in at any doctor’s offices for that matter regardless of your concern but the queue was pretty long. I have now recognized the value and significance of keeping and making an appointment. This allows doctors, nurses and other allied professionals to provide efficientRead MoreHow Does Telepsychology Help Increase The Patient Or Client s Access For Psychological Services?1303 Words   |  6 Pageschallenge when evaluating them in an office setting. When it comes to the mental status of children, it is very important that the mental professionals who are treating and evaluating the child evaluates them in their normal settings (Reese, Slone, Soates, Sprang, 2015). For example, by using a video recorder or Skype to monitor their behavior in real time, it can make the process of evaluation and diagnosis much easier than in the environment of a doctor’s office which can alter the behavior and attention

Legalizing Marijuana - 2983 Words

December 3, 2012 The topic of marijuana has been a big topic for the past few years. The United States considers marijuana as a drug, in some other countries they say it is a natural herb that is grown from the ground. The issue at hand is â€Å"should marijuana be legalized?† the congress of the US stay in a constant debate on this subject. Why is the subject of marijuana such in high demand, if the US already considers it a drug? There are many facts that need to be looked at before a final decision can ever be made. In contrast since the past two weeks the state of Colorado became the second state in the US to legalize marijuana. Obviously it is possible for marijuana to be accepted into society, obviously there are as much pros as†¦show more content†¦Drugs categorized as Schedule I must meet three criteria; the drug has a high potential for abuse, the drug has no therapeutic value, and the drub is not safe for medicinal use. The federal government defends this classification , citing concerns about the validity of research showing the medicinal benefits of cannabis and the impact on society of legalizing its’ usage.† –Therapeutic Cannabis, Mathre- Legislators continually fight against accepting marijuana as just a therapeutic drug, though their own research have concluded that by them attempting to remove marijuana from society would come with a drastic price. Advocates that are for the legalization are now even arguing that marijuana should not be considered as a Schedule I drug because of its therapeutic affect it has on cancer and AIDS patients. Another point that has been brought up with the legislature is that marijuana is just another stepping stone for more powerful drugs like; meth, heroine, and crack cocaine. They were basically attempting to say that after using marijuana so much, people will get addicted, and of course they would get tired of getting a regular high and want to move into the big lead. Another factor that has been looked at is the crime rate. Marijuana has some side effects as any other drug would. Are the side effects of marijuana that harsh that it could actuallyShow MoreRelatedReasons for Legalizin g Marijuana841 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Reasons for Legalizing Marijuana Abstract Marijuana can be used by the public for many purposes. Medicine is an important part of our lives and marijuana has been tested to cure cancerous cells as well as help people with their epilepsy. Using marijuana for medical purposes is one major aspect that people should take into consideration for legalizing it. Marijuana’s market has also been brought to many people’s attention because it has been poised to grow faster thanRead MoreThe Battle Of Legalizing Marijuana1289 Words   |  6 Pages Jake Mincher Mrs. Hasty English 1, 1st Hour 4/20/17 The Battle to Legalize Marijuana in the United States The United States is splitting up into two sides with the date of 4/20 coming closer with one wanting the legalization of the plant substance and the other opposing it. According to the United Nations, 158.8 million people around the world use marijuana—more than 3.8% of the planet’s population. Marijuana was legalized on the 20th of April in Colorado in 2014. It has been legalized in variousRead MoreThe Issue Of Legalizing Marijuana1324 Words   |  6 PagesDoes it really come to morality after all? The decision to legalize marijuana has been subject for debate since first introduced in 1969; many arguing the fact that we are sitting on an industry worth an estimated 113 billion dollars. For once we have an opportunity to make a real impact in our economy. We have an aid on â€Å"the war on drugs†. But are we then showing our children that legalizing drugs is really the answer to our problems or does only the big picture mater in the end? Will this bringRead M oreThe Issue Of Legalizing Marijuana1821 Words   |  8 PagesThe issue of Legalizing marijuana is a very controversial topic of modern times. The use of marijuana is all over the media with celebrities doing it and young people in on the craze. Marijuana is the world’s oldest illegal drug, not only that, it is also the drug that is most widely used among society today (Aanstoos, 2015). Different types of people use this drug for a variety of reasons, such as, as a way to disconnect from todays hectic world, something they are peer pressured into, or even medicalRead MoreBoth Sides of Legalizing Marijuana1316 Words   |  5 Pagesof us know, marijuana has been legalized in Washington and Colorado for recreational use. According to polls and predictions, Oregon may be one of the up and coming states to legalize it next. But here comes to question, Should marijuana be legalized? Why or why not? There are many pros and cons to this situation, and they all affect not just our s tate but our country as a whole. That is exactly why I chose this topic. Since middle school, there has been talk about whether marijuana should be legalizedRead MoreLegalizing Marijuana For Recreational Use926 Words   |  4 PagesLegalizing Marijuana in Texas for Recreational Use The well known debate over the legalization of marijuana for recreational use in The United States has been ongoing since 1935. Recently Colorado and Washington have legalized the use of marijuana for recreational use. By doing so, the legalization of the recreational use of marijuana has become more of an issue than it already was and now brings other states to question whether or not they should legalize marijuana (Breecher). Which brings aboutRead MoreThe Debate over Legalizing Marijuana967 Words   |  4 PagesMarijuana is a drug which is used for recreational purposes as well as medicinal purposes. However, the medicinal use of marijuana has only been suggested in the recent years because previously it was just a drug which used to be exploited by the teenagers, adults and others for their own personal purposes. Many people get arrested for illegal possession of marijuana because it is still illegal to have marijuana despite the ongoing debate of making it legal. There are many people who are againstRead MorePositives and Negatives of Legalizing Marijuana1886 Words   |  8 PagesI have always been against the use of all illegal drugs including marijuana, but while researching this topic, I have learned a lot about some of the positives of legalizing marijuana use. Considering it is classified as an illegal controlled substance, I have always been under the assumption that marijuana was bad for people, no matter what my friends may have said about how good it was. I was peer pressured into trying it when I was fourteen. I knew right away that it was not for me. It madeRead MoreLegalizing Marijuana For Open Recreational Use1261 Words   |  6 Pagesand use of marijuana for medicinal and/or recreational use. While hotly debated on both sides, one of the more ironic factors regarding the issue of legalization is that it was found to be perhaps the most logically and fairly debated topics of the state’s recent mid-term elections. T he facts of legalization are becoming more black and white and less about morality, which may be a testament to why 24 U.S. states and the District of Columbia have enacted laws legalizing medicinal marijuana. Of thoseRead MoreThe Topic Of Legalizing Marijuana For Recreational Use1276 Words   |  6 PagesThe topic of legalizing marijuana for recreational use has long been a controversial topic. Back in 1996, California became first state to legalize medical cannabis, lighting a fuse across the nation. Fast forward to the year 2012 and thus began states legalizing marijuana for recreational purposes. Those states were Colorado and Washington. Following those states was the announcement of Alaska voting to legalizing weed for recreational us in 2014. After them came Oregon and Washington D.C. in 2015

College Essay Psoriasis Example For Students

College Essay Psoriasis PsoriasisPsoriasis is a chronic skin disorder, easily identified by its symptoms of white, scaly skin and red lesions, though not so easily cured or understood. In psoriasis, skin cells mature faster than the body can shed them, causing a buildup. Although there are many theories as to what the cause of such a disease might be genetics, stress, or other triggers no one is quite sure why the disease occurs, or what could be a possible way to fully cure it. In this essay we will explore the symptoms, types, and effects of this condition, and also some of the known treatments. Psoriasis can occur in anyone, but there are many groups that are at a higher risk. As mentioned above, genetics plays a role. One out of three cases of the disease have had it in their family. Age is also a risk factor. The disease appears most often in adolescence or after the age of sixty. Also, Caucasians are more susceptible to it, whereas African Americans have the lowest overall incidence of it. The symptoms of psoriasis differ from type to type, although inflamed, scaly lesions are present in all five types. The most common form of the disease, plaque psoriasis, is identified by small bumps that begin to grow and become scaly. These lesions flake easily, but removing these patches can cause the tender skin below to bleed. In the Guttate type, small, individual, red drops form. This type does not have as much scaling as plaque psoriasis. The drops usually clear up on their own, but may also reappear as a different form of psoriasis, usually plaque. Inverse psoriasis usually oc curs in places where the skin folds, such as the genitals, breasts, armpits or the backs of knees. This type will appear red, yet it will be smooth and dry. Also, no scaling will occur. Pustular psoriasis is a type thats significantly more rare. It is also more painful. In this type, blisters filled with non-infectious pus appear within a few hours and then dry up and peel within another two days. Severe medical risks exist for those who have this particular form of psoriasis, due to its side effects; exhaustion, anemia, weight loss, fever, chills, rapid pulse rate, severe itching and muscle weakness. Even less common than pustular psoriasis is erythrodermic psoriasis. This type is easily noticeable; the entire body is often covered with a fiery redness. This type also poses severe health risks. It damages the bodys ability to control temperature. Hospitalization is sometimes required. Psoriasis often occurs on the elbows, knees or trunk. The scalp is also a common place; 50% of pat ients with any sort of psoriasis have it on their scalp. There is no known cause for psoriasis, as of yet, but many potential triggers have been identified. Injury to skin is one of the biggest triggers. This has been named the Koebner response. Any type of skin injury can set it off, even scratches or vaccinations. Certain medicines, such as lithium and antimalarials have been known to trigger an outbreak. Although alcohol abuse doesnt cause the disease, it can greatly aggravate it, causing it to flare up. Psoriasis is not diagnosed by any blood test. It is done simply by observation. Sometimes, a biopsy may be look at underneath a microscope, but thats about all. The severity of psoriasis dictates the type of treatment that should be used. While corticosteroids might work for some, ultraviolet radiation might be necessary for others. Corticosteroids are the most widely used and possibly most affective treatment available. Creams and ointments treat psoriasis on elbows, knees, scal p, face, ears, and skin folds, but overuse can turn the skin hard and impervious to further use. The best plan is to use the corticosteroid (which indeed are steroids, and simply strengthen the skin) aggressively for less than two weeks, and then go through an elongated period of no use so the skin does not get permanently damaged. .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971 , .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971 .postImageUrl , .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971 , .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971:hover , .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971:visited , .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971:active { border:0!important; } .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971:active , .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971 .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6687ba1a53812fdd06333c98a422d971:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Aldous Huxley, in his distopian novel,- Brave New EssayTars are also an effective treatment, although most people shy away from them due to their messiness and smell. Purified tars in the form of creams, gels, and ointments are now available, making them much more accessible. Some research has shown that using tars will increase the effects of UV radiation, but it is likely that the treatment will vary greatly from case to case. Anthralin is deemed the most effective of the topical treatments, but again its messiness and staining make it less desirable to use. As with the corticosteroids, if Anthralin is used too often the affected skin will become resistant. A rotating cycle of treatment is recommended, as is the use of many of the possible creams and ointments. Some studies have proven that Ultraviolet radiation can improve the symptoms of psoriasis. UVB, or short UV rays, are used in place of real sunlight. Topical treatments are generally paired with the UVB therapy, which UVA therapy is typically accompanied by oral medications. Many people will find that amount of sunlight they receive has little or no impact on the state of their psoriasis, but in the cases where the light therapy has worked, it seems to reduce the appearance of the lesions greatly. Obviously, the risk of the UV light therapy is the possible threat of skin cancer. Systemic drugs may work in some cases where topical creams have not made an improvement in the psoriasis. Although the drugs seem to have good effects on widespread psoriasis, the side effects can be more dangerous than the disease itself, and nearly all oral medications require regular blood testing or liver biopsies. Some herbal or holistic remedies have been found to improve symptoms, but they are generally not researched for common use. In conclusion, psoriasis, although not usually deadly, is a very serious disease. It can leave permanent scaring on the skin. Almost worse than physical scaring is the emotional effect of the disease. People with psoriasis can suffer from very low self confidence, as well as depression and anger. bibliography-

Health Systems Administration free essay sample

A look at the administration of a managed mental health care system. The paper explores effective management for mental healthcare. It looks at cost-containment strategies, such as high co-payments and no cost-coverage for specialist visits regarding mental health. It then moves on to look at the role of alternative therapies in mental healthcare. It concludes with listing the benefits of introducing a standardizing organization for mental healthcare in the USA. In a managed mental health care system, the unnecessary utilization of equipment and accessories is restricted at the care provider stage. This is done by a chain of monetary incentives and by directly managing the care proceeds. For instance, managed mental health care decreases cost comparatively by changing the treatment setup from inpatient to outpatient, settling the fee of professionals and hospital at discounted rates, and applying methods of utilization management to control unnecessary services. In this manner, the unnecessary utilization which is a moral hazard and also incurs high costs, is eradicate at the starting place, on a case to case basis (U. We will write a custom essay sample on Health Systems Administration or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page S. Public Health Service).

Nafta Essays (605 words) - Labour Economics, Employment Compensation

Nafta If NAFTA made this agreement, people would be able to move about Canada, the United States, and Mexico with ease. The unskilled workers in Mexico would migrate to El Norte, looking for higher paying jobs. The supply of workers in Mexico will drastically decrease. Only the terminally ignorant, or those with families in Mexico, would stay in a poor country and earn low wages. On the other hand, the United States' supply of workers will increase drastically. Canada's supply of workers would not be changed dramatically, because it is so similar to the United States, only further away. The amount of workers moving from Canada to the United States and vice versa would not be severely affected, however, if the United States' supply of workers becomes too great then workers might migrate north to Canada to find jobs. High school economics teachers would be able to work in any of the three countries, as the same basic knowledge of economics is required. I think teachers in Mexico would choose to move to the United States or Canada, if they were proficient in the native language, because the wages would be much more gratifying. The supply of economics teachers in the US and Canada would increase, thereby slightly decreasing the wages. Mexico's supply of economics teachers would drop, so the wages for economics teachers would slightly increase. Equilibrium wages for economics teachers will remain about the same, and employment will be high. For carpenters, again, I think the wages in the north would be higher. Because carpentry does not involve extensive education and focuses on the talent and skill of carpenters, workers would be able to easily move to another country. If all of the carpenters in Mexico decide to run for the border, the supply of carpenters in the US and Canada will drastically increase. Wages will increase for skilled carpenters in Mexico, and wages in the US and Canada will fall slightly. If too many Mexicans move to the north there will be high unemployment, because we will have a ton of skilled workers and not enough jobs to fulfill their needs. People will eventually want to return to Mexico, because with the supply of skilled workers being so low, the wages will be slightly higher. For ob/gyns, I would think the United States or Canada would be the destination of choice, simply because our health care is much more advanced. In any of the countries, however, the pay will be significant because of wage differentials. They will ultimately make up for all of the years of schooling by receiving high wages. For fast-food workers, the supply will increase in the US due to the unskilled workers from Mexico who try to get these jobs. Demand for workers in the fast-food industry will go down, because there are plenty of unskilled workers. Demand for the labor will decrease as well, because the supply of labor is so great. Newspaper reporters will most likely stay where they are. There is always going to be news to be reported, and the language barrier also plays a part. Most Mexican workers will want to move to the US or Canada because real wages are higher than those of Mexico. In the US and Canada, wages are higher because of better education, a more skilled workforce, larger stock of capital per worker, and the advantage of modern technology. Unskilled workers from Mexico might find themselves in the same position no matter which country they are in. They will be competing for low-paying minimum wage jobs, and there will be a plethora of unskilled workers. Economics

Bureaucracy and post

Bureaucracy and post Over the past, different theories and ideas on management have continued to develop at high rate due to the increased regulatory restructuring as well as flexibility to meet the customer demands (Du Gay, 2000). In addition, to circumvent the problems of ambiguity in dealing with the customers, organizations are embracing different modes of management to achieve efficient output.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Bureaucracy and post-bureaucracy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Further, the policies underlying the administration of organizations have increasingly become ambiguous and complicated. Therefore, organizations have a responsibility of either restructuring their organizational ideologies based on the structural design or focusing on the public administrators and the way they should function to maximize their output (Du Gay, 2000). Bureaucracy The paradigm of bureaucracy is a theory of management that is center ed on the organizational structure. Hierarchy is a significant element of a bureaucratic organization. The significance of bureaucracy is to ensure faster and free delivery as well as accountability in the performance of assignments. Korczynski (2004) provided examples of bureaucratic organizations such as INSCO where team leaders are hierarchically appointed. Further, at the ADBK and CBK, the approval officers who check mortgage applications are to forward their findings to the supervisor for consent. Bureaucratic organizations also emphasize on the delegation of tasks that every member has to fulfill in order to achieve the goals of the organization (Korczynski, 2002). For example, in the bureaucratic organizations, the abilities of the approval officers are expected to process a given number of application forms per days. Another important issue emphasized by the bureaucratic organizations is the adherence to the written procedures in conducting their businesses. Such procedures ensure efficiency in their operations. There is evidence of record keeping as well as written communication protocol that every employee must follow. The communication protocol must also be followed in communicating with the clients. In Korczynski (2004) study of several organizations indicates workers exposed to several memos directing them on how they should carry out correspondence with the clients.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In an attempt to operate efficiently, bureaucratic organizations do not operate smoothly and hence have their points of weaknesses (Korczynski, 2003). For instance, rules in a bureaucratic organization have to be adhered to the latter in the way they are written irrespective of any situation that might arise. As a result, many firms applying this paradigm are unable to operate efficiently (Alvesson Thompson, 2005). Further, within an organization, each unit works effectively on the delegated tasks to contribute to the overall aspirations as well as the goals of the firm. However, in organizations practicing bureaucracy, the situation is different. For example, the approval officers at times deal in complex matters reserved for experts leading to working on cross-purposes. In fact, unimpressive outcomes as well as huge expenditures are results of ineffective contacts between different departments of an organization (Korczynski et al., 2000). Bureaucratic organizations are also characterized by routine tasks. As such, the repetition of the same tasks by the employees daily makes the work boring. In addition, employees normally find it difficult dealing with the colleagues based on their stipulated guidelines and the roles as opposed to individuals (Korczynski, 2003). Moreover, bureaucratic models always face heavy criticism due to its impersonal nature that does not take into account the diversities in the prefere nces among employees (Callaghan Thompson, 2001). Post-bureaucratic models Post-bureaucratic organizations play a very critical role in reducing the hierarchies in the organizations to enable a more actor-centered approach in the performance of their activities (Alvesson Thompson, 2005). The organizations achieve this by increasing the involvement of their employees in their public activities as well as self-presentations to their clients. Further, post bureaucratic organizations develop their employees through the indoctrination of shared corporate interests, beliefs and norms among the personnel in the performance of their tasks (Alvesson Thompson, 2005). In this sense, the employees become part and parcels of the organizational control. Interestingly, the neo-bureaucratic models consider employees’ diverse personal and emotional attributes as sources of strategic resources in realizing their general organization goals (Sturdy et al., 2010).Advertising We will wri te a custom essay sample on Bureaucracy and post-bureaucracy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For the most part, the post-bureaucracy improves the pleasure accrued by employees in performing their tasks through the provision of liberty of individuality as well as emotional expression to the personnel. Moreover, the post-bureaucratic corporate governance has little aspects of conventional designed hierarchies in terms of job descriptions as well as work rosters (Sturdy et al., 2010). Despite the successes that have been realized by the neo-bureaucratic organizations in their operations, there has been increasing concerns about what researchers call the fun side of work. Studies have shown that the best place for work is a tight work market (Korczynski, 2004). Further, moving away from the hierarchies is prone to increased problems. For instance, the decentralization of functions among the employees has the effect of creating a more porous per iphery among different departments as well as increased elasticity of responsibilities (Mulholland, K 2002). As a result, the organization faces difficulties in the offering of career paths to its employees. Further, the organization faces an impediment of rewarding devotion of its customers. While post-bureaucratic organizations highly value adaptability in their performance and the utilization of the workforce’s proficiency, most of these organizations have continuously remained fragmented based on specified tasks to employees (Sturdy et al., 2010). Moreover, firms embracing the post-bureaucratic paradigm have to redesign themselves in accordance to the new requirements. However, firms have failed to use standardized procedures such as business process engineering in trying to adjust to the models of neo-bureaucracy. Even with the diminishing ambiguities in the operations of the firms, the standardization of remuneration scales have faced serious obstacles since they are gr ounded on the bureaucratic models of management (Korczynski, 2004). Additionally, the amalgamation of rules and apparent best practices as well as fear of legal actions has immensely contributed to the expansion in the codes of conduct in many firms leading to the bureaucratization of operations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The co-existence of post-bureaucratic and bureaucratic in the organization A clear connection between bureaucracy and neo-bureaucracy characterized by modernization as well as inventiveness in organizations is evident. The paradigm of bureaucracy is depicted as a model of an organization that is characterized by the inflexibility and fixed roles of employees (Korczynski, 2004). Further, the continuous repetition of specified tasks by employees is monotonous. In essence, the bureaucratic models ignore the need to embrace modernism in their operations. In order to overcome such impediments, embracing modernization of business operations that provide room for creativity as well as the flexibility among employees is vital (Korczynski et al., 2000). Through the modernization of the corporate models, the business is able to change its operational strategies by implementing new ideas that involve the employees in taking part in the affairs of the organization directly. In essence, with dev elopment of neo-control models, transforming bureaucracies as well as their ability to embrace modernism is vital. Studies show that the hierarchical system in most bureaucratic organizations encourages conventionality (Korczynski, 2004). On the contrary, the application of modern paradigms of management promotes creativity among employees. Therefore, it is evident that bureaucracies are unable to offer the right environment for the inspiration of employees’ skills and expertise (Mulholland, K 2002). However, bureaucracies are significantly important as far as the growths of the employees’ professionalism are concerned. In other words, acknowledgment of increasing aptitude as well as necessary fulfillments accrued by the employees is the effects of bureaucracy (Korczynski, 2004). In addition, it is worth noting that bureaucratic form of organizations management faces heavy criticism on the repeat tasks since it takes creativity away from the workers. Further, it makes the employees develop monotony in performing a task repetitively. Conversely, an organization based on the neo-bureaucratic models embraces flexibility as well as the compliance to its employees thereby increasing the creativity of its employees (Sturdy et al., 2010). Therefore, in both models of organization, conception of modern ways of management is vital for achievement. However, ensuring the stability between the modernization and the economies of scale is not an administrative idea in the bureaucratic organizations. Even though the research shows employees are complaining about the factors restraining their innovativeness such as the repetition of tasks, there is also a prospect of specialization due to the large size of the corporation (Korczynski, 2004). Moreover, it is evident that the managerial practices greatly impose a great impediment for exploitation of innovativeness by the employees. Therefore, bureaucratization implies a work environment unfavorable for improvement due to institutional inflexibility in these organizations. References Alvesson, M Thompson, P 2005, Post-bureaucracy? Oxford University press, Oxford. Callaghan, G Thompson, P 2001, â€Å"Edwards revisited: technical control and call centers,† Economic and Industrial Democracy, vol.22 no.4, pp.13–27. Du Gay, P 2000, In praise of bureaucracy, Sage, London. Sturdy, A Fleming, P Delbridge, R 2010, Normative control and beyond in contemporary capitalism, Palgrave, London. Korczynski, M 2002, Human resource management in service work, Palgrave, Basingstoke. Korczynski, M 2003, Industrial relations and consumer capitalism, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Korczynski, M 2004, â€Å"Back-office service work: bureaucracy challenged?† Work, Employment and Society, vol.18 no.1, pp.97-114. Korczynski, M Shire, K, Frenkel, S Tam, M 2000, â€Å"Service work in consumer capitalism,† Work, Employment and Society, vol.14 no.4, pp.669–87. Mulholland, K 2002, â €Å"Gender, emotional labour and teamworking in a call centre,† Personnel Review, vol.31 no.3, pp.283–303.

Tourism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tourism - Assignment Example There are greater challenges to the ecology and environment of the tourism destination with increased tourist activities in developing nations. Climate change, and global warming create potential long term consequences on tourism. Conservation and protection of natural resources and wildlife habitats form an important part of the agenda. Similarly, sustainable solutions have to be undertaken to reduce the increased environmental pollution caused by growing tourist traffic. Bhatia (2006) reiterates that it is vital for authorities at the local and national levels to carry out destination planning, management, and marketing strategies, and ensure international cooperation. Thesis Statement: The purpose of this paper is to consider the main issues affecting the international tourism sector, and examine how these have challenged conventional forms of tourist activity. Tourism in Kenya will be investigated as a case study, to assess the implications of a responsible tourism agenda, and it s implementation. Case Study: Kenya as an International Tourism Destination Issues and Challenges According to the World Tourism Organisation (WTO), tourism is â€Å"a vehicle for economic development and poverty alleviation (EDPA) in developing countries† (Manyara, Jones and Botterill, 2006, p.19). The strategies for economic development and poverty alleviation include small enterprise development, with the help of governmental support. In examining Kenya as a case study for international tourism development, it is primarily important to note that tourism in Kenya is foreign-owned, hence economic benefits are channelled out of the local economy. The industry focuses on safaris and coastal products, and â€Å"exploits the southern and coastal regions in an anachronistic and colonial model of tourism development† (Manyara et al, 2006, p.19). Ondicho (2000) states that the introduction of international tourism in Sub-Saharan Africa has been a recent development. In Kenya , the tourism industry is considered as a successful domain, in relation to the large numbers of visitors, and the country’s capacity to accommodate them. At the same time, although there has been considerable progress in this respect in recent years, the international tourism sector in Kenya has been limited by particular internal and external factors leading to troubles in development, and setbacks to the growth of the industry (Ondicho, 2000). To modernise conventional forms of tourism in Kenya, a new postcolonial model of tourism development â€Å"involving small indigenous enterprises, and promoting cultural products to new markets† (Manyara et al, 2006, p.19) is expected to support economic development and help in the alleviation of poverty in Kenya. The authors examined the promotion of indigenous enterprises, and the obstacles confronting tourism entrepreneurship in Kenya, utilizing for the study 12 indigenously owned Kenyan tourism enterprises and six support organisations (Manyara et al, 2006). The 12 enterprises are divided into two categories: community-based enterprises (CBEs), and formal as well as informal individually owned enterprises